Description
Number theory is the study of properties of numbers in particular the integers and rational numbers. Questions in elementary number theory include divisibility
properties of integers (e.g. the Euclidean algorithm), properties of primes
e.g. there are infinitely many), congruences, quadratic reciprocity and integer
solutions to basic equations (e.g. Diophantine equations). Even though number
theory is one of the oldest disciplines in mathematics, it has recently contributedtoo many practical problems such as coding theory, cryptography, hashing functions or other tools in modern information technology.